A New Twist in British Thrillers: Forensic Lipreading

In the new British drama Code of Silence, streaming on BritBox, deafness plays a central motivating role. Rose Ayling-Ellis plays Alison Brooks, a 29-year-old deaf woman who works in the canteen of the local police station. When professional lipreaders, trained as Forensic Lipreaders, are not available at a crucial moment in the investigation of a brutal gang planning a major robbery, the detectives ask if Alison can help.

Alison’s jobs at the canteen and a second job as a bartender are well below her skills. Her deafness is a factor in her underemployment. But this is not a show about victimization. Alison is strong willed, a force to be dealt with rather than pandered to. Condescension about her deafness is Alison’s motivation. Explaining to another character why she took on this dangerous job, she says. “I really like working hard. And all I wanted was for someone to give me a chance – the same chance as anyone else.” Her lipreading is not a crutch but an invaluable skill, as the police soon realize.

I’m not Deaf and I don’t sign, but the experience of deafness and hearing loss often overlap, and Code of Silence gets it exactly right. Ayling-Ellis is a British actress (American viewers might remember her from EastEnders), who is Deaf, wears prominent hearing aids, and both signs and speaks – as does her character Alison. She has been Deaf since birth and is a British Sign Language user. Catherine Moulton, the show’s creator, is partially deaf herself and took lipreading lessons, which gave her the idea for this series. The actress who plays Alison’s mother, Fifi Garfield (who is terrific), and the actor who plays her recently jilted boyfriend, Rolf Choutan, are also Deaf. So it shouldn’t be a surprise that the show feels not only authentic about the Deaf experience, but also positive.

Most interesting to me is Alison’s lipreading. We see the speaker through her eyes. Superimposed on the screen is a phonetic version of what she sees. Vowels and consonants gradually turn into recognizable words and then phrases. If a word, a proper name for instance, isn’t something she recognizes, she tells the others what it sounds like. In Episode 3, a new person joins the robbery gang. Alison tries to lipread her name but can only get as far as that it begins with an M or B and ends with an SH. She sounds out the word phonetically and after a few guesses the investigators realize the name is Chandra Bakshi, an employee of the mogul the gang plans to rob, recruited by the gang.

At one point, Alison’s boyfriend, who is also a member of the gang and who Alison has been surveilling for the police, asks about lipreading. How does it work? Aside from the fact that he shouldn’t be her boyfriend, that he shouldn’t know she can lipread, and that she knows she’s in danger of being outed and possibly killed, she explains. You watch carefully, she says. You imagine the sounds coming out of their mouth. “It’s other stuff too, it’s like a great big puzzle.” Body language is part of lipreading, she says, someone leans in when they’re asking a question, leans back to listen. The biggest insight into lipreading, however, are the screen captions that show the initial garbled information resolve into consonants and vowels and then familiar words and finally into a sentence or phrase. “Lipreading” is the term used in the series but as Alison’s explanation shows, “speechreading” is a more accurate term.

I’m a good lipreader, though I need sound in addition to a clear view of the speaker’s face, but I had never analyzed exactly what the brain is doing, how phonetic signals resolve into recognizable words. I hope this doesn’t make the show sound dutiful or expository. It’s a nail-biting thriller, and totally entertaining.

You can find the show on BritBox, a streaming service. I accessed it as an add-on to Amazon Prime Video, but there are other ways to get it. Code of Silence’s first season is 6 episodes, with a second season planned. I can’t wait.

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For more about hearing loss and hearing help, read my books SHOUTING WON’T HELP and SMART HEARING, available as paperback or ebook at Amazon. 


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10 thoughts on “A New Twist in British Thrillers: Forensic Lipreading

  1. Great synopsis of “Code of Silence,” Katherine, which I similarly enjoyed.

    It made me wonder how accurate lip reading potentially is (and whether the series exaggerated a bit, as part of its liberty to do so). I further wondered if AI could lip read skillfully. ChatGPT welcomed my testing it (by recording, via Zoom, some sentences with the mic off). Alas, it was utterly unable to discern words.

    A colleague then pointed me to an AI program developed for this purpose: http://www.readtheirlips.com http://www.readtheirlips.com . It did remarkably well when I spoke (again, without sound) sentences with lip-formed phonemes, such as “Put the video back.” But it was clueless with sentences former in the back of the mouth, such as “Go get the keys.” (Mouth these two phrases, and you will recognize the difference.)

    This also clues us to how ventriloquists can amaze us . . . by speaking the latter type of sentence, and avoiding lip-formed words.

    [P.S. Tried to leave this comment on the essay page, but the comment button didn’t work for me]

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  2. I’m so glad you saw the show and liked it as much as you did. Your writing about it is wonderful — really makes it come alive.

    LOVE THIS BLOG.

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